source: trunk/kernel/kern/thread.c @ 407

/*
 * thread.c -  implementation of thread operations (user & kernel)
 *
 * Author  Ghassan Almaless (2008,2009,2010,2011,2012)
 *         Alain Greiner (2016,2017)
 *
 * Copyright (c) UPMC Sorbonne Universites
 *
 * This file is part of ALMOS-MKH.
 *
 * ALMOS-MKH is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; version 2.0 of the License.
 *
 * ALMOS-MKH is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with ALMOS-MKH; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include <kernel_config.h>
#include <hal_types.h>
#include <hal_context.h>
#include <hal_irqmask.h>
#include <hal_special.h>
#include <hal_remote.h>
#include <memcpy.h>
#include <printk.h>
#include <cluster.h>
#include <process.h>
#include <scheduler.h>
#include <dev_pic.h>
#include <core.h>
#include <list.h>
#include <xlist.h>
#include <page.h>
#include <kmem.h>
#include <ppm.h>
#include <thread.h>

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Extern global variables
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

extern process_t      process_zero;

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// This function returns a printable string for the thread type.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
char * thread_type_str( uint32_t type )
{
    if     ( type == THREAD_USER   ) return "USR";
    else if( type == THREAD_RPC    ) return "RPC";
    else if( type == THREAD_DEV    ) return "DEV";
    else if( type == THREAD_IDLE   ) return "IDL";
    else                             return "undefined";
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// This static function allocates physical memory for a thread descriptor.
// It can be called by the three functions:
// - thread_user_create()
// - thread_user_fork()
// - thread_kernel_create()
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// @ return pointer on thread descriptor if success / return NULL if failure.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static thread_t * thread_alloc()
{
        page_t       * page;   // pointer on page descriptor containing thread descriptor
        kmem_req_t     req;    // kmem request

        // allocates memory for thread descriptor + kernel stack
        req.type  = KMEM_PAGE;
        req.size  = CONFIG_THREAD_DESC_ORDER;
        req.flags = AF_KERNEL | AF_ZERO;
        page      = kmem_alloc( &req );

        if( page == NULL ) return NULL;

    // return pointer on new thread descriptor
    xptr_t base_xp = ppm_page2base( XPTR(local_cxy , page ) );
    return (thread_t *)GET_PTR( base_xp );

}  // end thread_alloc()
  

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// This static function releases the physical memory for a thread descriptor.
// It is called by the three functions:
// - thread_user_create()
// - thread_user_fork()
// - thread_kernel_create()
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// @ thread  : pointer on thread descriptor.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static void thread_release( thread_t * thread )
{
    kmem_req_t   req;

    xptr_t base_xp = ppm_base2page( XPTR(local_cxy , thread ) );

    req.type  = KMEM_PAGE;
    req.ptr   = GET_PTR( base_xp );
    kmem_free( &req );
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// This static function initializes a thread descriptor (kernel or user).
// It can be called by the four functions:
// - thread_user_create()
// - thread_user_fork()
// - thread_kernel_create()
// - thread_user_init()
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// @ thread       : pointer on thread descriptor
// @ process      : pointer on process descriptor.
// @ type         : thread type.
// @ func         : pointer on thread entry function.
// @ args         : pointer on thread entry function arguments.
// @ core_lid     : target core local index.
// @ u_stack_base : stack base (user thread only)
// @ u_stack_size : stack base (user thread only)
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static error_t thread_init( thread_t      * thread,
                            process_t     * process,
                            thread_type_t   type,
                            void          * func,
                            void          * args,
                            lid_t           core_lid,
                            intptr_t        u_stack_base,
                            uint32_t        u_stack_size )
{
    error_t        error;
    trdid_t        trdid;      // allocated thread identifier

        cluster_t    * local_cluster = LOCAL_CLUSTER;

    // register new thread in process descriptor, and get a TRDID
    spinlock_lock( &process->th_lock );
    error = process_register_thread( process, thread , &trdid );
    spinlock_unlock( &process->th_lock );

    if( error )
    {
        printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot get TRDID\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        return EINVAL;
    }

    // compute thread descriptor size without kernel stack
    uint32_t desc_size = (intptr_t)(&thread->signature) - (intptr_t)thread + 4; 

        // Initialize new thread descriptor
    thread->trdid           = trdid;
        thread->type            = type;
    thread->quantum         = 0;            // TODO
    thread->ticks_nr        = 0;            // TODO
    thread->time_last_check = 0;
        thread->core            = &local_cluster->core_tbl[core_lid];
        thread->process         = process;

    thread->local_locks     = 0;
    list_root_init( &thread->locks_root );

    thread->remote_locks    = 0;
    xlist_root_init( XPTR( local_cxy , &thread->xlocks_root ) );

    thread->u_stack_base    = u_stack_base;
    thread->u_stack_size    = u_stack_size;
    thread->k_stack_base    = (intptr_t)thread + desc_size;
    thread->k_stack_size    = CONFIG_THREAD_DESC_SIZE - desc_size;

    thread->entry_func      = func;         // thread entry point
    thread->entry_args      = args;         // thread function arguments
    thread->flags           = 0;            // all flags reset
    thread->signals         = 0;            // no pending signal
    thread->errno           = 0;            // no error detected
    thread->fork_user       = 0;            // no user defined placement for fork
    thread->fork_cxy        = 0;            // user defined target cluster for fork

    // thread blocked
    thread->blocked = THREAD_BLOCKED_GLOBAL;

    // reset children list
    xlist_root_init( XPTR( local_cxy , &thread->children_root ) );
    thread->children_nr = 0;

    // reset sched list and brothers list
    list_entry_init( &thread->sched_list );
    xlist_entry_init( XPTR( local_cxy , &thread->brothers_list ) );

    // reset thread info
    memset( &thread->info , 0 , sizeof(thread_info_t) );

    // initialise signature
        thread->signature = THREAD_SIGNATURE;

    // update local DQDT
    dqdt_local_update_threads( 1 );

    // register new thread in core scheduler
    sched_register_thread( thread->core , thread );

        return 0;

} // end thread_init()

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
error_t thread_user_create( pid_t             pid,
                            void            * start_func,
                            void            * start_arg,
                            pthread_attr_t  * attr,
                            thread_t       ** new_thread )
{
    error_t        error;
        thread_t     * thread;       // pointer on created thread descriptor
    process_t    * process;      // pointer to local process descriptor
    lid_t          core_lid;     // selected core local index
    vseg_t       * vseg;         // stack vseg

    assert( (attr != NULL) , __FUNCTION__, "pthread attributes must be defined" );

    // get process descriptor local copy
    process = process_get_local_copy( pid );

    if( process == NULL )
    {
                printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot get process descriptor %x\n",
               __FUNCTION__ , pid );
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    // select a target core in local cluster
    if( attr->attributes & PT_ATTR_CORE_DEFINED )
    {
        core_lid = attr->lid;
        if( core_lid >= LOCAL_CLUSTER->cores_nr )
        {
                printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : illegal core index attribute = %d\n",
            __FUNCTION__ , core_lid );
            return EINVAL;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        core_lid = cluster_select_local_core();
    }

    // allocate a stack from local VMM
    vseg = vmm_create_vseg( process,
                            VSEG_TYPE_STACK,
                            0,                 // size unused
                            0,                 // length unused
                            0,                 // file_offset unused
                            0,                 // file_size unused
                            XPTR_NULL,         // mapper_xp unused
                            local_cxy );

    if( vseg == NULL )
    {
            printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot create stack vseg\n", __FUNCTION__ );
                return ENOMEM;
    }

    // allocate memory for thread descriptor
    thread = thread_alloc();

    if( thread == NULL )
    {
            printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot create new thread\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        vmm_remove_vseg( vseg );
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    // initialize thread descriptor
    error = thread_init( thread,
                         process,
                         THREAD_USER,
                         start_func,
                         start_arg,
                         core_lid,
                         vseg->min,
                         vseg->max - vseg->min );

    if( error )
    {
            printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot initialize new thread\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        vmm_remove_vseg( vseg );
        thread_release( thread );
        return EINVAL;
    }

    // set LOADABLE flag
    thread->flags = THREAD_FLAG_LOADABLE;

    // set DETACHED flag if required
    if( attr->attributes & PT_ATTR_DETACH ) 
    {
        thread->flags |= THREAD_FLAG_DETACHED;
    }

    // allocate & initialize CPU context
        if( hal_cpu_context_create( thread ) )
    {
            printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot create CPU context\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        vmm_remove_vseg( vseg );
        thread_release( thread );
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    // allocate  FPU context
    if( hal_fpu_context_alloc( thread ) )
    {
            printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot create FPU context\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        vmm_remove_vseg( vseg );
        thread_release( thread );
        return ENOMEM;
    }

thread_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : core[%x,%d] exit / trdid = %x / process %x / core = %d\n",
__FUNCTION__, local_cxy, CURRENT_THREAD->core->lid,
thread->trdid , process->pid , core_lid );

    *new_thread = thread;
        return 0;

}  // end thread_user_create()

////////////////////////////////////////////////////
error_t thread_user_fork( process_t * process,
                          intptr_t    stack_base,
                          uint32_t    stack_size,
                          thread_t ** new_thread )
{
    error_t        error;
        thread_t     * child;       // pointer on new thread descriptor
    lid_t          core_lid;     // selected core local index

thread_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : core[%x,%d] enters\n",
__FUNCTION__ , local_cxy , core_lid );

    // select a target core in local cluster
    core_lid = cluster_select_local_core();

    // get pointer on parent thread descriptor
    thread_t * parent = CURRENT_THREAD;

    // allocate memory for new thread descriptor
    child = thread_alloc();

    if( child == NULL )
    {
        printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot allocate new thread\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    // initialize thread descriptor
    error = thread_init( child,
                         process,
                         THREAD_USER,
                         parent->entry_func,
                         parent->entry_args,
                         core_lid,
                         stack_base,
                         stack_size );

    if( error )
    {
            printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot initialize new thread\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        thread_release( child );
        return EINVAL;
    }

    // return child pointer
    *new_thread = child;

    // set DETACHED flag if required
    if( parent->flags & THREAD_FLAG_DETACHED ) child->flags = THREAD_FLAG_DETACHED;

    // allocate CPU context for child thread
        if( hal_cpu_context_alloc( child ) )
    {
            printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot allocate CPU context\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        thread_release( child );
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    // allocate FPU context for child thread
        if( hal_fpu_context_alloc( child ) )
    {
            printk("\n[ERROR] in %s : cannot allocate FPU context\n", __FUNCTION__ );
        thread_release( child );
        return ENOMEM;
    }

    // copy kernel stack content from parent to child thread descriptor
    void * dst = (void *)(&child->signature) + 4;
    void * src = (void *)(&parent->signature) + 4;
    memcpy( dst , src , parent->k_stack_size );

thread_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : core[%x,%d] exit / created main thread %x for process %x\n",
__FUNCTION__, local_cxy , core_lid , child->trdid , process->pid );

        return 0;

}  // end thread_user_fork()

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
error_t thread_kernel_create( thread_t     ** new_thread,
                              thread_type_t   type,
                              void          * func,
                              void          * args,
                                              lid_t           core_lid )
{
    error_t        error;
        thread_t     * thread;       // pointer on new thread descriptor

thread_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : core[%x,%d] enters / type % / cycle %d\n",
__FUNCTION__ , local_cxy , core_lid , thread_type_str( type ) , hal_time_stamp() );

    assert( ( (type == THREAD_IDLE) || (type == THREAD_RPC) || (type == THREAD_DEV) ) ,
    __FUNCTION__ , "illegal thread type" );

    assert( (core_lid < LOCAL_CLUSTER->cores_nr) ,
            __FUNCTION__ , "illegal core_lid" );

    // allocate memory for new thread descriptor
    thread = thread_alloc();

    if( thread == NULL ) return ENOMEM;

    // initialize thread descriptor
    error = thread_init( thread,
                         &process_zero,
                         type,
                         func,
                         args,
                         core_lid,
                         0 , 0 );  // no user stack for a kernel thread

    if( error ) // release allocated memory for thread descriptor
    {
        thread_release( thread );
        return EINVAL;
    }

    // allocate & initialize CPU context
        hal_cpu_context_create( thread );

thread_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : core = [%x,%d] exit / trdid = %x / type %s / cycle %d\n",
__FUNCTION__, local_cxy, core_lid, thread->trdid, thread_type_str(type), hal_time_stamp() );

    *new_thread = thread;
        return 0;

} // end thread_kernel_create()

///////////////////////////////////////////////////
error_t thread_kernel_init( thread_t      * thread,
                            thread_type_t   type,
                            void          * func,
                            void          * args,
                                            lid_t           core_lid )
{
    assert( (type == THREAD_IDLE) , __FUNCTION__ , "illegal thread type" );

    assert( (core_lid < LOCAL_CLUSTER->cores_nr) , __FUNCTION__ , "illegal core index" );

    error_t  error = thread_init( thread,
                                  &process_zero,
                                  type,
                                  func,
                                  args,
                                  core_lid,
                                  0 , 0 );   // no user stack for a kernel thread

    // allocate & initialize CPU context if success
    if( error == 0 ) hal_cpu_context_create( thread );

    return error;

}  // end thread_kernel_init()

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// TODO: check that all memory dynamically allocated during thread execution
// has been released, using a cache of mmap and malloc requests. [AG]
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void thread_destroy( thread_t * thread )
{
        uint32_t     tm_start;
        uint32_t     tm_end;
    reg_t        state;

    process_t  * process    = thread->process;
    core_t     * core       = thread->core;

    thread_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : enters for thread %x in process %x / type = %s\n",
                __FUNCTION__ , thread->trdid , process->pid , thread_type_str( thread->type ) );

    assert( (thread->children_nr == 0) , __FUNCTION__ , "still attached children" );

    assert( (thread->local_locks == 0) , __FUNCTION__ , "all local locks not released" );

    assert( (thread->remote_locks == 0) , __FUNCTION__ , "all remote locks not released" );

        tm_start = hal_get_cycles();

    // update intrumentation values
    uint32_t pgfaults = thread->info.pgfault_nr;
    uint32_t u_errors = thread->info.u_err_nr;
    uint32_t m_errors = thread->info.m_err_nr;

        process->vmm.pgfault_nr += pgfaults;
        process->vmm.u_err_nr   += u_errors;
        process->vmm.m_err_nr   += m_errors;

    // release memory allocated for CPU context and FPU context
        hal_cpu_context_destroy( thread );
        hal_fpu_context_destroy( thread );
        
    // release FPU if required
    // TODO This should be done before calling thread_destroy()
        hal_disable_irq( &state );
        if( core->fpu_owner == thread )
        {
                core->fpu_owner = NULL;
                hal_fpu_disable();
        }
        hal_restore_irq( state );

    // remove thread from process th_tbl[]
    // TODO This should be done before calling thread_destroy()
    ltid_t ltid = LTID_FROM_TRDID( thread->trdid );

        spinlock_lock( &process->th_lock );
        process->th_tbl[ltid] = XPTR_NULL;
        process->th_nr--;
        spinlock_unlock( &process->th_lock );
        
    // update local DQDT
    dqdt_local_update_threads( -1 );

    // invalidate thread descriptor
        thread->signature = 0;

    // release memory for thread descriptor
    thread_release( thread );

        tm_end = hal_get_cycles();

        thread_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : exit for thread %x in process %x / duration = %d\n",
                       __FUNCTION__, thread->trdid , process->pid , tm_end - tm_start );

}   // end thread_destroy()

/////////////////////////////////////////////////
void thread_child_parent_link( xptr_t  xp_parent,
                               xptr_t  xp_child )
{
    // get extended pointers on children list root
    cxy_t      parent_cxy = GET_CXY( xp_parent );
    thread_t * parent_ptr = (thread_t *)GET_PTR( xp_parent );
    xptr_t     root       = XPTR( parent_cxy , &parent_ptr->children_root );

    // get extended pointer on children list entry
    cxy_t      child_cxy  = GET_CXY( xp_child );
    thread_t * child_ptr  = (thread_t *)GET_PTR( xp_child );
    xptr_t     entry      = XPTR( child_cxy , &child_ptr->brothers_list );

    // set the link
    xlist_add_first( root , entry );
    hal_remote_atomic_add( XPTR( parent_cxy , &parent_ptr->children_nr ) , 1 );
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////
void thread_child_parent_unlink( xptr_t  xp_parent,
                                 xptr_t  xp_child )
{
    // get extended pointer on children list lock
    cxy_t      parent_cxy = GET_CXY( xp_parent );
    thread_t * parent_ptr = (thread_t *)GET_PTR( xp_parent );
    xptr_t     lock       = XPTR( parent_cxy , &parent_ptr->children_lock );

    // get extended pointer on children list entry
    cxy_t      child_cxy  = GET_CXY( xp_child );
    thread_t * child_ptr  = (thread_t *)GET_PTR( xp_child );
    xptr_t     entry      = XPTR( child_cxy , &child_ptr->brothers_list );

    // get the lock
    remote_spinlock_lock( lock );

    // remove the link
    xlist_unlink( entry );
    hal_remote_atomic_add( XPTR( parent_cxy , &parent_ptr->children_nr ) , -1 );

    // release the lock
    remote_spinlock_unlock( lock );
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////
inline void thread_set_signal( thread_t * thread,
                               uint32_t   mask )
{
    hal_atomic_or( &thread->signals , mask );
    hal_fence();
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////
inline void thread_reset_signal( thread_t * thread,
                                 uint32_t   mask )
{
    hal_atomic_and( &thread->signals , ~mask );
    hal_fence();
}

////////////////////////////////
inline bool_t thread_can_yield()
{
    thread_t * this = CURRENT_THREAD;
    return (this->local_locks == 0) && (this->remote_locks == 0);
}

/////////////////////////
void thread_check_sched()
{
    thread_t * this = CURRENT_THREAD;

        if( (this->local_locks == 0) && 
        (this->remote_locks == 0) &&
        (this->flags & THREAD_FLAG_SCHED) ) 
    {
        this->flags &= ~THREAD_FLAG_SCHED;
        sched_yield();
    }

}  // end thread_check_sched()

/////////////////////////////////////
void thread_block( thread_t * thread,
                   uint32_t   cause )
{
    // set blocking cause
    hal_atomic_or( &thread->blocked , cause );
    hal_fence();

} // end thread_block()

/////////////////////////////////////////
uint32_t thread_unblock( xptr_t   thread,
                         uint32_t cause )
{
    // get thread cluster and local pointer
    cxy_t      cxy = GET_CXY( thread );
    thread_t * ptr = (thread_t *)GET_PTR( thread );

    // reset blocking cause
    uint32_t previous = hal_remote_atomic_and( XPTR( cxy , &ptr->blocked ) , ~cause );
    hal_fence();

    // return a non zero value if the cause bit is modified 
    return( previous & cause );

}  // end thread_unblock()

/////////////////////
error_t thread_exit()
{
    reg_t      sr_save;

        thread_t * this = CURRENT_THREAD;

    // test if this thread can be descheduled
        if( !thread_can_yield() )
        {
        printk("ERROR in %s : locks not released for thread %x in process %x on core[%x,%d]\n",
        __FUNCTION__, this->trdid, this->process->pid, local_cxy, this->core->lid );
        return EINVAL;
    }

    if( this->flags & THREAD_FLAG_DETACHED )
    {
        // if detached set signal and set blocking cause atomically
        hal_disable_irq( &sr_save );
        thread_set_signal( this , THREAD_SIG_KILL );
        thread_block( this , THREAD_BLOCKED_EXIT );
        hal_restore_irq( sr_save );
    }
    else
    {
        // if attached, set blocking cause
        thread_block( this , THREAD_BLOCKED_EXIT );
    }

    // deschedule
    sched_yield();
    return 0;

}  // end thread_exit()

/////////////////////////////////////
void thread_kill( thread_t * target )
{
    // set SIG_KILL signal in target thread descriptor
    thread_set_signal( target , THREAD_SIG_KILL );

    // set the global blocked bit in target thread descriptor.
    thread_block( target , THREAD_BLOCKED_GLOBAL );

    // send an IPI to schedule the target thread core.
    dev_pic_send_ipi( local_cxy , target->core->lid );

}  // end thread_kill()

///////////////////////
void thread_idle_func()
{
    while( 1 )
    {
        if( CONFIG_THREAD_IDLE_MODE_SLEEP ) // force core to low-power mode
        {

idle_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : core[%x][%d] goes to sleep at cycle %d\n",
__FUNCTION__ , local_cxy , CURRENT_THREAD->core->lid , hal_get_cycles() );

            hal_core_sleep();

idle_dmsg("\n[DBG] %s : core[%x][%d] wake up at cycle %d\n",
__FUNCTION__ , local_cxy , CURRENT_THREAD->core->lid , hal_get_cycles() );

        }
        else                                // yield each ~ 100000 cycles

        {
             hal_fixed_delay( 500000 );
        }

        // force scheduling at each iteration
        sched_yield();
   }
}  // end thread_idle()


/////////////////////////////////////////////////
void thread_user_time_update( thread_t * thread )
{
    // TODO
    // printk("\n[WARNING] function %s not implemented\n", __FUNCTION__ );
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////
void thread_kernel_time_update( thread_t * thread )
{
    // TODO
    // printk("\n[WARNING] function %s not implemented\n", __FUNCTION__ );
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////
void thread_signals_handle( thread_t * thread )
{
    // TODO
    // printk("\n[WARNING] function %s not implemented\n", __FUNCTION__ );
}

/////////////////////////////////////
xptr_t thread_get_xptr( pid_t    pid,
                        trdid_t  trdid )
{
    cxy_t         target_cxy;          // target thread cluster identifier
    ltid_t        target_thread_ltid;  // target thread local index
    thread_t    * target_thread_ptr;   // target thread local pointer
    xptr_t        target_process_xp;   // extended pointer on target process descriptor
    process_t   * target_process_ptr;  // local pointer on target process descriptor
    pid_t         target_process_pid;  // target process identifier
    xlist_entry_t root;                // root of list of process in target cluster
    xptr_t        lock_xp;             // extended pointer on lock protecting  this list

    // get target cluster identifier and local thread identifier
    target_cxy         = CXY_FROM_TRDID( trdid );
    target_thread_ltid = LTID_FROM_TRDID( trdid );

    // get root of list of process descriptors in target cluster
    hal_remote_memcpy( XPTR( local_cxy  , &root ),
                       XPTR( target_cxy , &LOCAL_CLUSTER->pmgr.local_root ),
                       sizeof(xlist_entry_t) );

    // get extended pointer on lock protecting the list of processes
    lock_xp = XPTR( target_cxy , &LOCAL_CLUSTER->pmgr.local_lock );

    // take the lock protecting the list of processes in target cluster
    remote_spinlock_lock( lock_xp );

    // loop on list of process in target cluster to find the PID process
    xptr_t  iter;
    bool_t  found = false;
    XLIST_FOREACH( XPTR( target_cxy , &LOCAL_CLUSTER->pmgr.local_root ) , iter )
    {
        target_process_xp  = XLIST_ELEMENT( iter , process_t , local_list );
        target_process_ptr = (process_t *)GET_PTR( target_process_xp );
        target_process_pid = hal_remote_lw( XPTR( target_cxy , &target_process_ptr->pid ) );
        if( target_process_pid == pid )
        {
            found = true;
            break;
        }
    }

    // release the lock protecting the list of processes in target cluster
    remote_spinlock_unlock( lock_xp );

    // check target thread found
    if( found == false )
    {
        return XPTR_NULL;
    }

    // get target thread local pointer
    xptr_t xp = XPTR( target_cxy , &target_process_ptr->th_tbl[target_thread_ltid] );
    target_thread_ptr = (thread_t *)hal_remote_lpt( xp );

    if( target_thread_ptr == NULL )
    {
        return XPTR_NULL;
    }

    return XPTR( target_cxy , target_thread_ptr );
}