source: trunk/kernel/mm/vmm.h @ 634

Last change on this file since 634 was 632, checked in by alain, 5 years ago

This version replace the RPC by direct remote memory access
for physical pages allacation/release.
It is commited before being tested.

File size: 27.4 KB
Line 
1/*
2 * vmm.h - virtual memory management related operations
3 *
4 * Authors   Ghassan Almaless (2008,2009,2010,2011, 2012)
5 *           Mohamed Lamine Karaoui (2015)
6 *           Alain Greiner (2016,2017,2018,2019)
7 *
8 * Copyright (c) UPMC Sorbonne Universites
9 *
10 * This file is part of ALMOS-MKH.
11 *
12 * ALMOS-MKH is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
13 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
14 * the Free Software Foundation; version 2.0 of the License.
15 *
16 * ALMOS-MKH is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
17 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
19 * General Public License for more details.
20 *
21 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22 * along with ALMOS-MKH; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
23 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
24 */
25
26#ifndef _VMM_H_
27#define _VMM_H_
28
29#include <hal_kernel_types.h>
30#include <bits.h>
31#include <list.h>
32#include <queuelock.h>
33#include <hal_gpt.h>
34#include <vseg.h>
35#include <page.h>
36
37/****  Forward declarations  ****/
38
39struct process_s;
40struct vseg_s;
41
42/*********************************************************************************************
43 * This structure defines the STACK allocator used by the VMM to dynamically handle
44 * vseg allocation or release requests for an user thread.
45 * This allocator handles a fixed size array of fixed size slots in STACK zone of user space.
46 * The stack size and the number of slots are defined by the CONFIG_VMM_STACK_SIZE, and
47 * CONFIG_VMM_STACK_BASE parameters.
48 * Each slot can contain one user stack vseg. The first 4 Kbytes page in the slot is not
49 * mapped to detect stack overflow.
50 * In this implementation, the slot index is defined by the user thead LTID.
51 * All allocated stacks are registered in a bitmap defining the STACK zone state:
52 * - The allocator checks that the requested slot has not been already allocated, and set the
53 *   corresponding bit in the bitmap.
54 * - The de-allocator function reset the corresponding bit in the bitmap.
55 ********************************************************************************************/
56
57typedef struct stack_mgr_s
58{
59    busylock_t     lock;               /*! lock protecting STACK allocator                  */
60    vpn_t          vpn_base;           /*! first page of STACK zone                         */
61    bitmap_t       bitmap;             /*! bit vector of allocated stacks                   */
62}
63stack_mgr_t;
64
65/*********************************************************************************************
66 * This structure defines the MMAP allocator used by the VMM to dynamically handle 
67 * MMAP vsegs requested or released by an user process.
68 * This allocator should be only used in the reference cluster.
69 * - allocation policy : all allocated vsegs occupy an integer number of pages that is
70 *   power of 2, and are aligned on a page boundary. The requested number of pages is
71 *   rounded if required. The first_free_vpn variable defines completely the MMAP zone state.
72 *   It is never decremented, as the released vsegs are simply registered in a zombi_list.
73 *   The relevant zombi_list is checked first for each allocation request.
74 * - release policy : a released MMAP vseg is registered in an array of zombi_lists.
75 *   This array is indexed by ln(number of pages), and each entry contains the root of
76 *   a local list of zombi vsegs that have the same size. The physical memory allocated
77 *   for a zombi vseg descriptor is not released, to use the "list" field.
78 *   This physical memory allocated for MMAP vseg descriptors is actually released
79 *   when the VMM is destroyed.
80 ********************************************************************************************/
81
82typedef struct mmap_mgr_s
83{
84    busylock_t     lock;               /*! lock protecting MMAP allocator                   */
85    vpn_t          vpn_base;           /*! first page of MMAP zone                          */
86    vpn_t          vpn_size;           /*! number of pages in MMAP zone                     */
87    vpn_t          first_free_vpn;     /*! first free page in MMAP zone                     */
88    xlist_entry_t  zombi_list[32];     /*! array of roots of released vsegs lists           */
89}
90mmap_mgr_t;
91
92/*********************************************************************************************
93 * This structure defines the Virtual Memory Manager for a given process in a given cluster.
94 * This local VMM implements four main services:
95 * 1) It contains the local copy of vseg list (VSL), only complete in referrence.
96 * 2) It contains the local copy of the generic page table (GPT), only complete in reference.
97 * 3) The stack manager dynamically allocates virtual memory space for the STACK vsegs.
98 * 4) The mmap manager dynamically allocates virtual memory for the (FILE/ANON/REMOTE) vsegs.
99 ******************************************************a**************************************
100 * Implementation notes:
101 * 1. In most clusters, the VSL and GPT are only partial copies of the reference VSL and GPT
102 *    structures, stored in the reference cluster.
103 * 2. The VSL contains only local vsegs, but it is implemented as an xlist, and protected by
104 *    a remote_rwlock, because it can be accessed by a thread running in a remote cluster.
105 *    An exemple is the vmm_fork_copy() function.
106 * 3. The GPT in the reference cluster can be directly accessed by remote threads to handle
107 *    false page-fault (page is mapped in the reference GPT, but the PTE copy is missing
108 *    in the local GPT). As each PTE can be protected by a specific GPT_LOCKED attribute
109 *    for exclusive access, it is NOT protected by a global lock.
110 ********************************************************************************************/
111
112typedef struct vmm_s
113{
114        remote_rwlock_t  vsl_lock;           /*! lock protecting the local VSL                  */
115        xlist_entry_t    vsegs_root;         /*! Virtual Segment List (complete in reference)   */
116        uint32_t         vsegs_nr;           /*! total number of local vsegs                    */
117
118    gpt_t            gpt;                /*! Generic Page Table (complete in reference)     */
119
120    stack_mgr_t      stack_mgr;          /*! embedded STACK vsegs allocator                 */
121    mmap_mgr_t       mmap_mgr;           /*! embedded MMAP vsegs allocator                  */
122
123        uint32_t         pgfault_nr;         /*! page fault counter (instrumentation)           */
124
125    vpn_t            args_vpn_base;      /*! args vseg first page                           */
126    vpn_t            envs_vpn_base;      /*! envs vseg first page                           */
127        vpn_t            code_vpn_base;      /*! code vseg first page                           */
128        vpn_t            data_vpn_base;      /*! data vseg first page                           */
129    vpn_t            heap_vpn_base;      /*! heap zone first page                           */
130
131        intptr_t         entry_point;        /*! main thread entry point                        */
132}
133vmm_t;
134
135/*********************************************************************************************
136 * This function mkkes a partial initialisation of the VMM attached to an user process.
137 * The GPT must have been previously created, with the hal_gpt_create() function.
138 * - It registers "args", "envs" vsegs in the VSL.
139 * - It initializes the STACK and MMAP allocators.
140 * Note:
141 * - The "code" and "data" vsegs are registered by the elf_load_process() function.
142 * - The "stack" vsegs are dynamically registered by the thread_user_create() function.
143 * - The "file", "anon", "remote" vsegs are dynamically registered by the mmap() syscall.
144 *********************************************************************************************
145 * @ process   : pointer on process descriptor
146 * @ return 0 if success / return -1 if failure.
147 ********************************************************************************************/
148error_t vmm_user_init( struct process_s * process );
149
150/*********************************************************************************************
151 * This function re-initialises the VMM attached to an user process to prepare a new
152 * call to the vmm_user_init() function after an exec() syscall.
153 * It removes from the VMM of the process identified by the <process> argument all
154 * non kernel vsegs (i.e. all user vsegs), by calling the vmm_remove_vseg() function.
155 * - the vsegs are removed from the VSL.
156 * - the corresponding GPT entries are removed from the GPT.
157 * - the physical pages are released to the relevant kmem when they are not shared.
158 * The VSL and the GPT are not modified for the kernel vsegs.
159 *********************************************************************************************
160 * @ process   : pointer on process descriptor.
161 ********************************************************************************************/
162void vmm_user_reset( struct process_s * process );
163
164/*********************************************************************************************
165 * This function is called by the process_make_fork() function. It partially copies
166 * the content of a remote parent process VMM to the local child process VMM:
167 * - The DATA, ANON, REMOTE vsegs registered in the parent VSL are registered in the
168 *   child VSL. All valid PTEs in parent GPT are copied to the child GPT, but the
169 *   WRITABLE flag is reset and the COW flag is set.
170 * - The CODE vsegs registered in the parent VSL are registered in the child VSL, but the
171 *   GPT entries are not copied in the child GPT, and will be dynamically updated from
172 *   the .elf file when a page fault is reported.
173 * - The FILE vsegs registered in the parent VSL are registered in the child VSL, and all
174 *   valid GPT entries in parent GPT are copied to the child GPT. The COW flag is not set.
175 * - No STACK vseg is copied from  parent VMM to child VMM, because the child stack vseg
176 *   must be copied later from the cluster containing the user thread requesting the fork().
177 * - The KERNEL vsegs required by the target architecture are re-created in the child
178 *   VMM, from the local kernel process VMM, using the hal_vmm_kernel_update() function.
179 *********************************************************************************************
180 * @ child_process     : local pointer on local child process descriptor.
181 * @ parent_process_xp : extended pointer on remote parent process descriptor.
182 * @ return 0 if success / return -1 if failure.
183 ********************************************************************************************/
184error_t vmm_fork_copy( struct process_s * child_process,
185                       xptr_t             parent_process_xp );
186
187/*********************************************************************************************
188 * This function is called by the process_make_fork() function to update the COW attribute
189 * in the parent parent process vsegs. It set the COW flag, and reset the WRITABLE flag of
190 * all GPT entries of the DATA, MMAP, and REMOTE vsegs of the <process> argument.
191 * It must be called by a thread running in the reference cluster, that contains the complete
192 * VSL and GPT (use the rpc_vmm_set_cow_client() when the calling thread client is remote).
193 * It updates all copies of the process in all clusters, to maintain coherence in GPT copies,
194 * using the list of copies stored in the owner process, and using remote_write accesses to
195 * update the remote GPTs. It atomically increment the pending_fork counter, in all involved
196 * physical page descriptors. It cannot fail, as only mapped entries in GPTs are updated.
197 *********************************************************************************************
198 * @ process   : local pointer on local reference process descriptor.
199 ********************************************************************************************/
200void vmm_set_cow( struct process_s * process );
201
202/*********************************************************************************************
203 * This function modifies one GPT entry identified by the <process> and <vpn> arguments
204 * in all clusters containing a process copy. It is used to maintain coherence in GPT
205 * copies, using the list of copies stored in the owner process, and remote_write accesses.
206 * It must be called by a thread running in the process owner cluster.
207 * Use the RPC_VMM_GLOBAL_UPDATE_PTE if required.
208 * It cannot fail, as only mapped PTE2 in GPT copies are updated.
209 *********************************************************************************************
210 * @ process   : local pointer on local process descriptor.
211 * @ vpn       : PTE index.
212 * @ attr      : PTE / attributes.
213 * @ ppn       : PTE / physical page index.
214 ********************************************************************************************/
215void vmm_global_update_pte( struct process_s * process,
216                            vpn_t              vpn,
217                            uint32_t           attr,
218                            ppn_t              ppn );
219
220/*********************************************************************************************
221 * This function deletes, in the local cluster, all vsegs registered in the VSL
222 * of the process identified by the <process> argument. For each vseg:
223 * - it unmaps all vseg PTEs from the GPT (release the physical pages when required).
224 * - it removes the vseg from the local VSL.
225 * - it releases the memory allocated to the local vseg descriptors.
226 * - it releases the memory allocated to the GPT itself.
227 *********************************************************************************************
228 * @ process   : pointer on process descriptor.
229 ********************************************************************************************/
230void vmm_destroy( struct process_s * process );
231
232/*********************************************************************************************
233 * This function scans the list of vsegs registered in the VMM of a given process descriptor
234 * to check if a given virtual region (defined by a base and size) overlap an existing vseg.
235 *********************************************************************************************
236 * @ process  : pointer on process descriptor.
237 * @ base     : region virtual base address.
238 * @ size     : region size (bytes).
239 * @ returns NULL if no conflict / return conflicting vseg pointer if conflict.
240 ********************************************************************************************/
241vseg_t * vmm_check_conflict( struct process_s * process,
242                             vpn_t              base,
243                             vpn_t              size );
244
245/*********************************************************************************************
246 * This function allocates memory for a vseg descriptor, initialises it, and register it
247 * in the VSL of the local process descriptor, that must be the reference process.
248 * - For the FILE, ANON, & REMOTE types, it does not use the <base> and <size> arguments,
249 *   but uses the specific MMAP virtual memory allocator.
250 * - For the STACK type, it does not use the <size> argument, and the <base> argument
251 *   defines the user thread LTID used by the specific STACK virtual memory allocator.
252 * It checks collision with all pre-existing vsegs.
253 * To comply with the "on-demand" paging policy, this function does NOT modify the GPT,
254 * and does not allocate physical memory for vseg data.
255 * It should be called by a local thread (could be a RPC thread if the client thread is not
256 * running in the reference cluster).
257 *********************************************************************************************
258 * @ process     : pointer on local processor descriptor.
259 * @ type        : vseg type.
260 * @ base        : vseg base address (or user thread ltid for an user stack vseg).
261 * @ size        : vseg size (bytes).
262 * @ file_offset : offset in file for CODE, DATA, FILE types.
263 * @ file_size   : can be smaller than "size" for DATA type.
264 * @ mapper_xp   : extended pointer on mapper for CODE, DATA, FILE types.
265 * @ cxy         : physical mapping cluster (for non distributed vsegs).
266 * @ returns pointer on vseg if success / returns NULL if no memory, or conflict.
267 ********************************************************************************************/
268vseg_t * vmm_create_vseg( struct process_s * process,
269                          vseg_type_t        type,
270                          intptr_t           base,
271                              uint32_t           size,
272                          uint32_t           file_offset,
273                          uint32_t           file_size,
274                          xptr_t             mapper_xp,
275                          cxy_t              cxy );
276
277/*********************************************************************************************
278 * This function removes from the VMM of a process descriptor identified by the <process>
279 * argument the vseg identified by the <vseg> argument. It can be used for any type of vseg.
280 * As it uses local pointers, it must be called by a local thread.
281 * It is called by the vmm_user_reset(), vmm_delete_vseg() and vmm_destroy() functions.
282 * It makes a kernel panic if the process is not registered in the local cluster,
283 * or if the vseg is not registered in the process VSL.
284 * For all vseg types, the vseg is detached from local VSL, and all associated PTEs are
285 * unmapped from local GPT. Other actions depend on the vseg type:
286 * - Regarding the vseg descriptor release:
287 *   . for ANON and REMOTE, the vseg is not released, but registered in local zombi_list.
288 *   . for STACK the vseg is released to the local stack allocator.
289 *   . for all other types, the vseg is released to the local kmem.
290 * - Regarding the physical pages release:
291 *   . for KERNEL and FILE, the pages are not released to kmem.
292 *   . for CODE and STACK, the pages are released to local kmem when they are not COW.
293 *   . for DATA, ANON and REMOTE, the pages are released to relevant kmem only when
294 *     the local cluster is the reference cluster.
295 * The lock protecting the VSL must be taken by the caller.
296 *********************************************************************************************
297 * @ process  : local pointer on process.
298 * @ vseg     : local pointer on vseg.
299 ********************************************************************************************/
300void vmm_remove_vseg( struct process_s * process,
301                      struct vseg_s    * vseg );
302
303/*********************************************************************************************
304 * This function call the vmm_remove vseg() function to remove from the VMM of a local
305 * process descriptor, identified by the <pid> argument the vseg identified by the <vaddr>
306 * virtual address in user space.
307 * Use the RPC_VMM_DELETE_VSEG to remove a vseg from a remote process descriptor.
308 *********************************************************************************************
309 * @ pid      : process identifier.
310 * @ vaddr    : virtual address in user space.
311 ********************************************************************************************/
312void vmm_delete_vseg( pid_t    pid,
313                      intptr_t vaddr );
314
315/*********************************************************************************************
316 * This function removes a given region (defined by a base address and a size) from
317 * the VMM of a given process descriptor. This can modify the number of vsegs:
318 * (a) if the region is not entirely mapped in an existing vseg, it's an error.
319 * (b) if the region has same base and size as an existing vseg, the vseg is removed.
320 * (c) if the removed region cut the vseg in two parts, it is modified.
321 * (d) if the removed region cut the vseg in three parts, it is modified, and a new
322 *     vseg is created with same type.
323 * FIXME [AG] this function should be called by a thread running in the reference cluster,
324 *       and the VMM should be updated in all process descriptors copies.
325 *********************************************************************************************
326 * @ process   : pointer on process descriptor
327 * @ base      : vseg base address
328 * @ size      : vseg size (bytes)
329 ********************************************************************************************/
330error_t vmm_resize_vseg( struct process_s * process,
331                         intptr_t           base,
332                         intptr_t           size );
333
334/*********************************************************************************************
335 * This low-level function scan the local VSL in <vmm> to find the unique vseg containing
336 * a given virtual address <vaddr>.
337 * It is called by the vmm_get_vseg(), vmm_get_pte(), and vmm_resize_vseg() functions.
338 *********************************************************************************************
339 * @ vmm     : pointer on the process VMM.
340 * @ vaddr   : virtual address.
341 * @ return vseg pointer if success / return NULL if not found.
342 ********************************************************************************************/
343struct vseg_s * vmm_vseg_from_vaddr( vmm_t    * vmm,
344                                     intptr_t   vaddr );
345
346/*********************************************************************************************
347 * This function checks that a given virtual address is contained in a registered vseg.
348 * It can be called by any thread running in any cluster:
349 * - if the vseg is registered in the local process VMM, it returns the local vseg pointer.
350 * - if the vseg is missing in local VMM, it uses a RPC to get it from the reference cluster,
351 *   register it in local VMM and returns the local vseg pointer, if success.
352 * - it returns an user error if the vseg is missing in the reference VMM, or if there is
353 *   not enough memory for a new vseg descriptor in the calling thread cluster.
354 *********************************************************************************************
355 * @ process   : [in] pointer on process descriptor
356 * @ vaddr     : [in] virtual address
357 * @ vseg      : [out] local pointer on local vseg
358 * @ returns 0 if success / returns -1 if user error (out of segment).
359 ********************************************************************************************/
360error_t vmm_get_vseg( struct process_s  * process,
361                      intptr_t            vaddr,
362                      vseg_t           ** vseg );           
363
364/*********************************************************************************************
365 * This function is called by the generic exception handler in case of page-fault event,
366 * detected for a given <vpn>. The <process> argument is used to access the relevant VMM.
367 * It checks the missing VPN and returns an user error if it is not in a registered vseg.
368 * For a legal VPN, there is actually 3 cases:
369 * 1) if the missing VPN belongs to a private vseg (STACK or CODE segment types, non
370 *    replicated in all clusters), it allocates a new physical page, computes the attributes,
371 *    depending on vseg type, and updates directly the local GPT.
372 * 2) if the missing VPN belongs to a public vseg, it can be a false page-fault, when the VPN
373 *    is mapped in the reference GPT, but not in the local GPT. For this false page-fault,
374 *    the local GPT is simply updated from the reference GPT.
375 * 3) if the missing VPN is public, and unmapped in the ref GPT, it is a true page fault.
376 *    The calling thread  allocates a new physical page, computes the attributes, depending
377 *    on vseg type, and updates directly (without RPC) the local GPT and the reference GPT.
378 *    Other GPT copies  will updated on demand.
379 * Concurrent accesses to the GPT(s) are handled, by locking the target PTE before accessing
380 * the local and/or reference GPT(s).
381 *********************************************************************************************
382 * @ process  : local pointer on local process.
383 * @ vpn      : VPN of the missing PTE.
384 * @ returns EXCP_NON_FATAL / EXCP_USER_ERROR / EXCP_KERNEL_PANIC after analysis
385 ********************************************************************************************/
386error_t vmm_handle_page_fault( struct process_s * process,
387                               vpn_t              vpn );
388
389/*********************************************************************************************
390 * This function is called by the generic exception handler in case of WRITE violation event,
391 * detected for a given <vpn>. The <process> argument is used to access the relevant VMM.
392 * It returns a kernel panic if VPN is not in a registered vseg or is not mapped.
393 * For a legal mapped vseg there is two cases:
394 * 1) If the missing VPN belongs to a private vseg (STACK), it access only the local GPT.
395 *    It access the forks counter in the current physical page descriptor.
396 *    If there is a pending fork, it allocates a new physical page from the cluster defined
397 *    by the vseg type, copies the old physical page content to the new physical page,
398 *    and decrements the pending_fork counter in old physical page descriptor.
399 *    Finally, it reset the COW flag and set the WRITE flag in local GPT.
400 * 2) If the missing VPN is public, it access only the reference GPT.
401 *    It access the forks counter in the current physical page descriptor.
402 *    If there is a pending fork, it allocates a new physical page from the cluster defined
403 *    by the vseg type, copies the old physical page content to the new physical page,
404 *    and decrements the pending_fork counter in old physical page descriptor.
405 *    Finally it calls the vmm_global_update_pte() function to reset the COW flag and set
406 *    the WRITE flag in all the GPT copies, using a RPC if the reference cluster is remote.
407 * In both cases, concurrent accesses to the GPT are handled by locking the target PTE
408 * before accessing the GPT.
409 *********************************************************************************************
410 * @ process   : pointer on local process descriptor copy.
411 * @ vpn       : VPN of the faulting PTE.
412 * @ returns EXCP_NON_FATAL / EXCP_USER_ERROR / EXCP_KERNEL_PANIC after analysis
413 ********************************************************************************************/
414error_t vmm_handle_cow( struct process_s * process,
415                        vpn_t              vpn );
416
417/*********************************************************************************************
418 * This function is called by the vmm_get_pte() function when a page is unmapped.
419 * Depending on the vseg type, defined by the <vseg> argument, it returns the PPN
420 * (Physical Page Number) associated to a missing page defined by the <vpn> argument.
421 * - For the FILE type, it returns directly the physical page from the file mapper.
422 * - For the CODE and DATA types, it allocates a new physical page from the cluster defined
423 *   by the <vseg->cxy> field, or by the <vpn> MSB bits for a distributed vseg,
424 *   and initialize this page from the .elf file mapper.
425 * - For all other types, it allocates a new physical page from the cluster defined
426 *   by the <vseg->cxy> field, or by the <vpn> MSB bits for a distributed vseg,
427 *   but the new page is not initialized.
428 *********************************************************************************************
429 * @ vseg   : local pointer on vseg containing the mising page.
430 * @ vpn    : Virtual Page Number identifying the missing page.
431 * @ ppn    : [out] returned Physical Page Number.
432 * return 0 if success / return EINVAL or ENOMEM if error.
433 ********************************************************************************************/
434error_t vmm_get_one_ppn( vseg_t * vseg,
435                         vpn_t    vpn,
436                         ppn_t  * ppn );
437
438
439#endif /* _VMM_H_ */
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